Summer Fun—Day 74: Cool off at Killen's Pond Water Park

If you live in the Maryland-Delaware area, you can chill out with the kids on hot, sunny days at Killen's Pond Water Park in Felton, Delaware.

This water park is part of the Killen's Pond Delaware State Park, which also a campground conveniently located in central Delaware. It has a 66-acre millpond, which was established in the late 1700s. Before the pond was created, the Murderkill River and surrounding hardwood forest were sites of several Native American homes and hunting camps. Killens Pond became a state park in 1965.

The water park has three sections, the main pool, a baby pool, a tot lot, as well as several slides. The Main Pool features The Mushroom Fountain, The Floating Lily Pad Fun Walk and Underwater benches. The

Baby Pool has a Zero-depth entry, Underwater bubblers, Two frog slides and Two shooting ground fountains. The Tot Lot contains The Climbing Platform, Tunnel Slide, Water Curtain, Pipe Waterfall, Rope Pull Fountains and the Spray Fountains. There are also Four 54’ Slides and One 12’ Slide.

The facility also has lockers, changing rooms, showers and a concession stand.

The  water park is open daily from mid-June to mid-August. The current hours are:
Monday - Thursday: 11 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Friday: 11 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Weekends: 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Labor Day: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.

The current admission is:
Monday– Friday
Under 48”: $6 per person
48” and over: $8 per person
Saturday-Sunday + Holidays
Under 48”: $8 per person
48” and over: $10 per person

For more information, visit the Killen's Pond Water Park website.

If you don't live in the Maryland-Delaware area, look up Water Parks in your state to keep cool on hot summer days.

For more summer fun ideas, check out the other 100 Days of Summer posts.

August 7 Summer Fun—Day 73: Visit the County Fair

(Delaware State News/Dave Chambers)

There is almost nothing more iconicly American than a good old fashioned county or State Fair.  Fairs originally held to celebrate the harvest, have grown into enormously popular annual events. For couples on a budget and last-minute vacationers, state fairs offer great, affordable dining and entertainment close to home.

There are usually lots of activities for kids, including rides, games, a petting zoo, pony rides, magic shows and live music. Fairs also tradionally feature rides for all ages, and often there is a discount for all day bracelets.

There is also tons of food and drinks to buy, like funnel cakes, fried Oreos, burgers, sausage and homemade lemonade.

Check out when and where there is a local state or county Fair in your area.

Aug. 6 Summer Fun—Day 72: Take a day trip to Assateague Island

The national park area of Assateague island has camping and the state park area is ideal for day use. There is a bathhouse with changing rooms and showers, a gift shop, and a grill that serves breakfast, lunch and dinner.

First you come to the visitor’s center, while has great educational displays.

Then you travel over the bridge to the island. Once you park your car in the state park’s lot and head back to the road for a bike ride or walk on the paved bike trail where you can spot ponies, turtles and birds. Then head to the beach for the rest of the day where you can spot even more ponies.

Lifeguards are on-duty daily from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. and pony patrol officers are always nearby to make sure visitors can safely enjoy the presence of the wild horses on the beach.

The state park beach and lot are open daily from 7 a.m. to sunset and entry costs $4 per person for Maryland residents.

The Ocean City boardwalk is about a 15-minute drive away, so it’s easy to stop by on your way home for a snack, rides and souvenir shopping.

For more information about what to do on the island, visit the Assateague State Park and Assateague Island National Seashore.

For more summer fun ideas, check out more 100 Days of Summer posts.

August 4, Summer Fun—Day 70: Take a Local Cruise

If you live near a body of water such as a river or bay, you can usually find a day cruise you can take for a pretty reasonable price.

The Chester River Packet Company, for example, which are what these pictures are of, offers Cruises on the Chester River, with historic views of Chestertown, Maryland (Kent and Queen Anne’s Counties). Rates usually range from $20-40 per adult and less for children 12 and under. Cash bar is also available for beer and wine.

For more details, look on their website or if you live in another area, look for what cruises might be available to you

High School Ancient History, Exam 4

Essay Questions

1. How did humanism, which placed the individual at the center of creation, vary from medieval thinking, and how great an influence did the concept play in all types of humanistic thought?
2. Why is Nicolo Machiavelli often called the first modern man? Although his ideas were found to be radical for his time, would these same ideas be considered radical today? Be sure to cover Machiavelli's major ideas. (For extra credit, give examples from newspapers or magazines.)
3. The secularization of society during the period of about 1300 to 1550 had many causes. What do you consider to have been the most important factors?
4. Comment on the development of how individuals have, by their nature, sought some semblance of security. What did the Protestant Revolution do to this idea? What do you see as being the main forms of security in our age?

Short Answer

studia humanitates

literary humanism

Francesco Petrach

Pico della Mirandola

"priesthood of all believers"

sola fide

gente nuova

de contemptu mundi

John Wycliff

civic humanism

indulgences

Desiderius Erasmus

sola scriptural

Orations on the Dignity of Man

"Mirror of Princes Literature"

High School Ancient History Lesson 28: Martin Luther and Protestant Revolutionary Thought

Make note of the devastating revolution against the Roman Catholic Church led by Martin Luther, but also the consequences of that revolution --the secularization of Western society.

Finish the outline:

I. Martin Luther
     A. Family Life
          1) Father
          2) Religion
     B. The Augustinian Monastery
     C. Johannes von Staupitz
     D. Luther's Theological Discoveries
           1. Sola Scriptura
           2. Sola Fide
     E. Implications of the Discoveries
          1. Sacrament of Pennance
          2. The Indulgences Controversy
               Read 95 Theses of Martin Luther
II. Implications of Luther's Revolution
     A. Salvation
     B. Sources of Truth/Authority
                 Read An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate, 1520

High School Ancient History Lesson 27: Christian Humanism and the Beginning of Religious Rebellion

Note the beginning of the religious revolution and how and why it took place.

Fill in the outline with your notes.

I. Background to the Religious Rebellion-why did it happen?
     A. Issues within the Roman Catholic Church
          1. Decline in the Power of the Roman Catholic Church
          2. Anticlericalism
          3. Heresies
               a. John Wycliffe
               b. Jan Hus
     B. Popular Piety
          1. Brethren of Common Life -Devotio
               a. Gerard Groote
               b. Thomas a Kempis
     C. Christian Humanism
          1. Moral Emphasis
          2. Study of the Sources
          3. Desiderius Erasmus
               a. The four major themes of his writings. Read Praise of Folly.
     D. Political Background to the Protestant Revolution
          1. Political developments within the Holy Roman Empire
               a. Council-Imperial Diet
          2. External Political Conditions
               

High School Ancient History Lesson 26: Machiavelli versus Erasmus: Realism versus Idealism

Note that with the modem perspective of the individual, changes in politics and perspectives of human nature in general were to follow.

Complete the following outline with your notes.

I. Historical Backgrounds to Machiavelli and Erasmus
     A. Nicolo Machiavelli
     B. Desiderius Erasmus
II. Advice to Princes
     A. Machiavelli -The Prince
          1. Modern view of individuals
          2. Machiavelli vs. Saint Augustine
     B. Erasmus -The Education of a Christian Prince

Readings: The Prince, Machiavelli and Education of a Christian Prince, Erasmus

High School Ancient History, Exam 3

Essay Questions

1. What were the causes for the decline of the feudal system?
2. Comment on the open expanding frontier as being one of the most characteristic aspects of the Middle Ages. Include in your discussion the external and internal areas of expansion, the effect on the medieval society with the opening of the medieval frontier and the closing of the medieval frontier.
3. Trace the conflict between the church and the state in the Middle Ages.
4. Comment on the development of the church in the Middle Ages, including the positive effect Saint Augustine and the other Church Father's had upon the Church and the final end with the supremacy of the Roman Church.

Short Answer

Charles Martel

Treasury of Merit

College of Cardinals

Song of Roland

Koran

Reconquista

Corpus Christisnum

Saint Benedict

Vikings

Avignon

Justinian

Black Death

City of God

Saint Thomas Aquinas

Hegira

Council of Pisa (1409)

Saint Ambrose

Battle of Tours

High School Ancient History Lesson 25: The Italian Renaissance: the Beginning of the Modern Era

Note the emergence of the modern ideal with the concentration on the individual as the determinant factor in his life.

Complete the following outline using your notes.

I. Social Change in Western Society
     A. Alfred von Martin -The Sociology of the Renaissance
     B. Social Classes
          1. Patriciate class
          2. Gente Nuova
          3. Lower Class -popolo minuto
II. Humanism
     A. Paul Kristeller --iterary humanism
     B. Francesco Petrarch -The Father of the Renaissance
     C. Hans Baron -civic humanism
III. The Renaissance Philosophy of the Individual
     A. Florentine Platonic Academy ---rsilio Ficino
     B. Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola (Read Oration on the Dignity of Man, 1487)
IV. The Renaissance View of History
V. Renaissance Art
     A. Innovations of Renaissance Art
     B. Leonardo da Vinci
          1.Mona Lisa
          2. The Last Supper
     C. Michelangelo
          1. David
          2. Sistine Chapel
VI. Summary: The Renaissance was the beginning of the Modern Era

High School Ancient History Lesson 24: The End of the Medieval Era

Note the unique developments that were to take place that led to the decline of the Medieval Era and the rise of the Modern Era.

Complete the following outline using your notes.

I. Effects of Trade, Towns and Money Upon Feudalism
     A. Economic Effects
     B. Political Effects

High School Ancient History Lesson 23: The Church in the Middle Ages part I I

Note that with the abuses within the Roman Catholic Church that there began a gradual decline of Church power and prestige and the beginning of the questioning of the authority of the Church.

Watch David Macaulay: Cathedral.

Complete the following outline using your notes.

I. The Grandeur of the Roman Church -The Edict of Milan.
     A. Romanesque Architecture
          1. Chartes
          2. Rheims
          3. Amiens
          4. Beauvais
II. The Beginning of the Decline
     A. Boniface VIII (Reading: Unam Sanctam)
     B. The Babylonian Captivity of the Roman Catholic Church (Avignon Papacy)
     C. The Great Schism
          1. Pope Gregory XI
          2. Pope Urban VI
          3. The Council of Pisa
          4. The Council of Constance

Read Unam Sanctam, Boniface VIII.

High School Physical Science, Test 2

Physical Science, Test 2

 1. A box weighing 50N is picked up from the ground and placed on a shelf. What additional information do you need to calculate how much work was done to move the object? 

  a) The mass of the box.

  b) The distance it was moved.

  c) The time it took to move the box.

  d) The velocity at which it moved.

2. According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, the force that is formed between two masses is __________ proportional to the product of their masses and ________________ proportional to the square of the distance between them.

  a) inversely, directly

  b) inversely, inversely

  c) directly, inversely

  d) directly, directly

3. Which answer best describes the properties of a solid?

  a) not rigid, no fixed shape, no fixed volume

  b) rigid, fixed shape, fixed volume

  c) not rigid, no fixed shape, fixed volume

4. Which answer best describes the properties of a liquid?

a) not rigid, no fixed shape, no fixed volume

  b) rigid, fixed shape, fixed volume

  c) not rigid, no fixed shape, fixed volume

5. When ice melts, latent heat is __________ which __________ molecular kinetic energy and __________ hydrogen bonds.

  a) released, decreases, makes

  b) absorbed, increases, makes

  c) released, increases, breaks

  d) absorbed, increases, breaks

6. If you have a metal pot on the stove and the handle becomes too hot to touch, the thermal energy in that handle likely got there through __________.

  a) conduction

  b) convection

  c) radiation

7. Which of the following cannot happen, according to the Law of Convection of Energy?

  a) The transformation of energy.

  b) The transfer of energy.

  c) The destruction of energy.

8. What is the property of a system that enables it to work?

  a) inertia

  b) energy

  c) momentum

  d) gravity

9. What do we call a quantity that indicates how warm or how cold something is relative to the standard?

  a) temperature

  b) heat

  c) thermal energy

  d) thermodynamics

10. What is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up a substance?

  a) temperature

  b) heat

  c) thermal energy

  d) thermodynamics

11. Short Answer A basketball is released at a point exactly halfway between the moon and the earth. Draw the moon, earth and basketball and indicate the forces on the ball, using vectors. Explain your drawing using Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

12. Label each of the following as an energy transfer or energy transformation.

  a) An ice cube melting slowly at room temperature.  ____________

  b) Your car burning gas to power the engine and make the wheels turn. ____________

  c) A diver leaping off a cliff and starting to fall to the water. ____________

13. Short Answer Explain what specific heat capacity is. Use an example from everyday life to show that different materials have different specific heat capacities.

14. Short Answer You're using spray paint to paint a fence. You decide to paint the front holding the can one meter from the fence, and to paint the back, you hold the can two meters from the fence. How will the thickness of the paint on the two sides of the fence compare? Be as specific as possible. What type of law enabled you to find the answer?

15. Short Answer A vase resting on a high school has a potential energy of 40 J. Your cat knocks the vase off the shelf, and it falls to the ground. How much potential energy does the vase have when it is halfway to the ground? 

16. Paragraph Answer Your aunt is staying for the weekend and complains every morning that the tile floor in the bathroom is so much colder than the wood floor in the hallway. Explain why she is technically wrong, being sure to discuss the Second Law of Thermodynamics and include the terms thermal equilibrium and conduction in your answer.

17. Paragraph Answer If you need to stop an out of control car, and want to live to tell the tale, do you run into a brick wall or a haystack? Include at least one equation and the terms impulse and momentum in your answer.

18. Paragraph Answer As one of our demonstrations, we made a cloud in a bottle. Explain the physics behind the demonstration.

19. Paragraph Answer If you have two objects and you want to increase their gravitational attraction, what two properties could you alter, and how?

Answers: 

1. b

2. c

3. b

4. c

5. d

6. a

7. c

8. b

9. a

10. a

11. 

12. transfer, transformation, transformation

13.

14.

15. 20, halfway; 0, full way

16.

17.

18.

19.

Grading: 2 points for each multiple choice, 6 points for questions 11 and 12, 8 points for questions 13, 14 and 15,  12 points for questions 16 and 17, 14 points for question 18 and 6 points for question 19.

Source: The questions come from reading Conceptual Physics.

High School Ancient History Lesson 22: The Church in the Middle Ages part I

Note that with the need for security, the Roman Catholic Church became so powerful and dominant that no monarch dared to question it's authority.

Complete the outline using your notes.

I. Growth of the power of the Roman Catholic Church
     A. The power of Salvation. 
           1. Read The Petrine Theory.
     B. Corpus Christendom

II. Investiture Controversy. Read Question of Papal Supremacy
     A. The Investiture Controversy led to an unprecedented expansion of the claim of papal supremacy from the ecclesiastical into the temporal sphere.

III. The Growth and the Solidifying of Roman Catholic Church's Power
     A. Actual Powers of the Roman Catholic Church
          1. Excommunication
          2. Interdict
     B. Growing Centralization
          1. College of Cardinals
          2. Canon Law
          3. Roman Curia
          4. Roman Camara