Home School Life Journal From Preschool to High School

Home School Life Journal ........... Ceramics by Katie Bergenholtz
"Let us strive to make each moment beautiful."
Saint Francis DeSales

High School Ancient History Lesson 18: Societies of Greatness: Byzantium and Islam



Note the achievements made by these two societies outside of Western society, but also the tremendous influence they had on Western society.

Complete the outline using your notes.

I. Byzantium (Eastern Roman Empire)
     A. Justinian
          1. Territorial Expansion
          2. Religious Re-unification
          3. Roman Law

II. Islam
     A. Muhammad
     B. The Koran (Qur'an)
     C. The Expansion of Islam
          1. Algebra, Al-khwariaini

Make a map of the Muslim Empire including the major cities of Baghdad, Cairo, Cordoba and Damascus.

High School Ancient History Lesson 17: Western Christendom: The Emergence of the Roman Church



Note the goal of security and in achieving it how the emergence and dominance of the Roman Catholic Church was to evolve.

Use the following outline to organize your research. Complete the outline using your notes.

I. Church and State
     A. Western Christendom
     B. Structural Development of Christianity
     C. Christian Theological Development -Church Fathers.
          1. Saint Jerome
          2. Saint Ambrose
          3. Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo
     D. Importance of Rome
          1. First and Strongest Capital
          2. People turned to Bishop of Rome for leadership
          3. Early Rome Bishops were strong leaders
          4. Bishop of Rome was the successor to Saint Peter and thus the direct authority for the will of God. Read The Petrine Theory.
     E. The Attainment of Salvation
          1. Grace
          2. Sacraments
     F. Early Christian Monasticism
          1. Saint Benedict. Read Rule of St. Benedict.
     G. Missionary Activity of the Early Roman Catholic Church

Make maps depicting the Early Middle Ages including the Frankish Kingdom, the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Islam.

High School Ancient History, Exam 2



Essay Questions

  1. Evaluate the origins of Rome and the essence of "res publica."
  2. During the Roman Revolution the leaders of the Republic lost their gift for compromise. How did this revolution come about and what were the effects it had on the Roman Republic, as personified by the fall of Caesar and the rise of Octavian?
  3. Trace the development of Christianity from it's beginnings in the Roman Empire, showing both the good fortunes and the setbacks it encountered.
  4. Many causes have been given for the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. Analyze the various interpretations covered, being sure to consider economic, military, political and social causes. Be  sure to include what you think were the causes for the fall of Rome and why.

Short Answer

res public
Cicero
Ides of March
Roman Law
Tetrachy
Edict of Milan
Gaius Marius
Sermon on the Mount
Vergil
Tiberius Gracheus
Visigoths
Battle of the Milvian Bridge
Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
Diocletian
Age of the Martyr

Ancient History Map Quiz 2

After studying this map, on a blank map fill in where the six barbarian tribes originally resided and mark with an arrow the areas they invaded.
The Fall of the Roman Empire
source

High School Ancient History Lesson 16: The Fall of Rome



Note the loss of security within the Empire and the causes/interpretations that explain why Rome fell.

Complete the outline using your notes.

I. The Germanic Invasions
     A. The Huns
     B. Visigoths
     C. Vandals
     D. Franks
     E. Angles and Saxons

II. The Fall of Rome
     A. Barbarization of the Empire from Within; Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire by Michael Rostovtzeff, and Tenny Frank's Race Mixture in the Roman Empire.
     B. Lack of Technological Advancements; F. W. Walbank, Decline of the Roman Empire in the West.
     C. Christianity; Edward Gibbons, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
     D. Manpower Shortage; A. E. R. Boak, Manpower Shortage and the Fall of the Roman Empire in the West
     E. Loss of Economic Freedom; W. L. Westerman, Economic Basis of Decline of Ancient Culture.
     F. Lack of any non-revolutionary means of reform; W Em Heitland, Roman Fate.
     G. Fall of an Ideal; David Tengwall

III. Conclusions
     A. Instead of one, there would be several cultures (West, Byzantium, Islam) in the Mediterranean
     B. End of cultural civilization
     C. Change from Urban time Rural society
     D. Ancient Civilizations came to an end

High School Ancient History Lesson 15: The Roman Empire: The Beginning of the End



Note the rise of the problems within the Empire and the attempts made to resolve those problems. Was it too late? Also, note that during this period Christianity was to flourish.

I. Crisis of the 3rd Century
     A. Political Weakness
     B. Military Weakness
     C. Economic Weakness

II. Restoration of Order
    A. Reign of Diocletian
          1. Military Developments
          2. Political Developments
          3. Persecution of the Christians
               a. Age of the Martyr
     B. Constantine
          1. Importance for Christianity
          2. Political Moves
          3. Christian Religion
     C. Theodosius
          1. Christianity, the official religion of the Empire

High School Ancient History Lesson 14: Roman Society and Architecture



Watch David Macaulay's Roman City and Andrea Cirla's The Seven Wonders of Ancient Rome.

Complete the following outline using your notes

I. Social Life within the Roman Empire
     A. Roman Forum
     B. Roman Aqueducts
     C. Roman Colosseum
     D. Rome -a city of monuments
     E. Trojan's Column
     F. Roman Arches
     G.Triumphant Procession/March

High School Ancient History Lesson 13: The Empire and the Rise of Christianity



Note the supreme security that the Roman Empire achieved and within that security the emergence of the philosophy of Christianity.

I. Principate of Augustus
     A. Military Power
     B. Political and Imperial Power
     C. Social and Religious Policy
     D. Literature
     E. Political Succession

Read Res Gestae: The Accomplishments of Agustus, Augustus

II. Successors to Augustus
     A. Tiberius
     B. Caligula
     C. Claudius
     D. Nero

III. The Empire at its Height
     A. The Flavian Emperors
          1. Titus Flavius Vespasian
          2. Domitian
     B. The Five Good Emperors
          1. Nerva
          2. Trajan
          3. Hadrian
          4. Antonius Pius
          5. Marcus Aurelius (Read Meditations, Marcus Aurelius.)
     C. The Roman Empire in the Second Century
          1. Economy
          2. Provincial Government
          3. Roman Law (Read The Laws, Cicero.)

IV. The Beginnings of Christianity (Roman Perspective)
     A. Roman attitudes of gods (Read The Sermon on the Mount.)
     B. Historical Strengths of Christianity
          1. He was human.
          2. He was a demanding leader.
          3. They created support groups.
          4. There was an individual ethic.
     C. Why did Christianity succeed?
          1. Will of God
          2. Leaders of Rome not worried about Christianity

   

2018 At A Glance

2018
Here is a collage of our year. The months are in order, starting from the upper left with January 2018 and ending in the lower right, with December 2018.

January 2018 Painting, Twelfth Night


February 2018 Sculpture, Mardi Gras


March 2018 Magic the Gathering, Mardi Gras


April 2018 Empty Bowls, Easter


June 2018 Pippin, Steven Laid off


July 2018 Independence Day, Les Miserables


August 2018 Friendly's, Summer


September 2018 Back-to-School


October 2018 Halloween


November 2018 Beach, Thanksgiving


December 2018 Christmas

High School Ancient History Lesson 12: The Roman Revolution: The Decline of the Republic and the Rise of the Empire



Note the decline of the ideals/constitution of the res publica but the rise of the Empire and the saving of the Roman Empire.

I. Growing Problems within the Republic
     A. Large landed estates (Latifundias)
     B. Tiberius Gracchus
     C. Gaius Gracchus
     D. Gaius Marius
     E. Lucius Cornelius Sulla
     F. Pompey, Crassus and Caesar -First Triumvirate
     G. Marcus Tullius Cicero
     H. The Ides of March

II. Roman Empire
     A. Mark Anthony and Octavian
     B. The Augustan Settlement

How to Host a Successful Christmas Cookie Baking Party

One of the activities we look forward to every advent is the Cookie Baking party with our local homeschool group. It is a fun time together with friends and in the end we have a lovely assortment of Christmas cookies to share with guests for the holiday season. Since everyone picks their own recipes, we always enjoy both sharing our favorite cookies recipes and also tasting new recipes from our friends. This year we enjoyed a Banana Spice Cookie that one of the families' made that I would never have thought of making. We have done this activity for a few years now and so I would like to share with you some hints and tips that we have discovered by trial and error that might make the idea of hosting a Cookie Baking party in this busy season a little easier.

1. Place First you need to local a place to have the Cookie Bake. We hold ours at the church hall in which we meet for our co-op, but it can be done at a home. You just have to be organized so that the oven can be shared so that everyone is not needed the oven at the same time.


2. Early Sign-Ups Have a sign up in which you ask how many from each family will be participating and what cookies each family will be making. The first year we did the Cookie Bake, we had ten families sign up with multiple children in the families, and it became a bit overwhelming. If you have more than five or six families, you might want to break the Cookie Bake into two parties to prevent this. One year we only had three families participating, so we had each family prepare two recipes, instead of just one so that there would be more variety. The recipe choices should be on a first-come, first-served-type basis, which means that if someone signs up to make chocolate chip cookies, for example, then the later people who sign up cannot also sign up to make chocolate chip cookies. 


3. What Cookie Should I Make? The bigger the variety of cookies, the better, so have each member look over the list so far when their family signs up, and choose a cookie that is different from the rest. Make sure that the recipe you choose makes enough cookies. Also, make sure you check the amount of cookies the recipe makes. The rule of thumb is that the recipe should make enough for the family that is making it can take home one dozen, and the other families can take a half-dozen, (with a few leftover for mistakes and for tasting for those kids who are unable to wait). This can be changed, however, to suit the needs of your group as long as everyone knows what the amount your group has chosen for each family to make.


3. Share the Responsibility Each family is responsible for purchasing and bringing everything that their cookie of choice needs to be made. Often times this means bowls, spatulas, baking sheets, cooling racks and the like.


3. The Choice of Cookies There never seems to be enough ovens to be able to bake the cookies all at the same time, but there are ways of making the baking times staggered.
  • Make up some of the cookie dough at home before you come so that some of the cookies will be ready to bake as soon as you get to the Cookie Bake. Doughs that have to be chilled, such as Slice and Bake, (such as Pinwheels) or no-bake cookies (such as Chocolate-Peanut Butter Oatmeal No Bake Cookies) are natural choices, but just about any cookie recipe can be made in advance and transported as dough.
  • Choose cookies that have alternative ways of cooking such as Welch Cookies, which uses an electric skillet for cooking rather than an oven.
  • Cookies that need to be rolled out, such a Sugar Cookie Cut-Outs or Gingerbread Men, take a little longer to be ready to bake and so are also a good recipe to stagger the cooking times. They also can be decorated (don't forget to bring the materials for that as well) once they come out of the oven, while other cookies are baking. If you decide to include decorating at the party, make sure you either have only older kids and adults decorating or lay something under the table to catch the mess for an easier clean-up. The first year we didn't do this and we were sorry.

4. Alternative Activities You might want to provide activities for the participants that have finished making their cookies or are waiting to use the oven(s), especially if you have younger children participating. A small craft project, have some games in mind, some coloring pages and crayons or a Christmas movie are some ideas for simple alternative activities. If possible, do not have very young children come, or have an older child or one of the adults plan to watch over or babysit the young children to keep them safe and not under foot.


5. Another Nice Touch You may want to ask each family to make copies of the recipes they are making and give them to each family participating so they can make them again if they like the cookie.
source
6. Cookie Tins Each family will need to bring cookie tins, plastic containers or bags to bring home the cookies in. Make sure you bring plenty, as it takes more than you might expect and you don't want to come up short.


Building Traditions and Memories I hope these tips and tricks will help you if you decide to host a Cookie Baking Party. If you have any more, please add your hint in the comments. Remember, a Cookie Baking Party isn't as hard as it might sound, and like I said, it is one of the Christmas traditions that my kids look forward to.

Good recipes for a Cookie Bake:

Do you have any favorite Christmas cookies recipes that would be good for a Cookie Bake Party?

Originally posted 12/7/16

High School Ancient History Lesson 11: The Grandeur That was Rome



Note that security is again the major goal of the Romans -security achieved with the ideals/constitution of the Roman res publica.

Complete the following outline using your notes.

I. Origins of Rome
     A. Dorians
     B. Etruscans
     C. Brutus the Liberator
     D. Res Publica
     E. The Roman Senate
     F. Consuls, "The history of Rome is the history of the ruling class."
     G. Plebians

II. Territorial Expansion
           A. Punic Wars

Hands-on Algebra: Polynomials


Just as we used tiles and cubes to learn basic math, we can use them for more advanced math.
For this lesson, you will need to have three sizes of tiles in two colors to represent tiles and their opposites. 
Notice that these are not perfect or measured exactly. How neat and perfect they are does not matter for older students. They get the idea. All you need is two colors of paper and it will just take a few minutes to cut out what you need. You do not need to spend anything on this as you can use whatever you have around the house and hands-on math should not take you much time to prepare.
Now here are the rules to this game:
  • Each tile has an opposite. For this post, white is positive and yellow is negative. It doesn't matter what colors you use, just so it is clear which is which. 
  • A zero-pair is formed by pairing one tile with its opposite. 
  • You can remove or add zero-pairs without changing the value of the polynomial. 
  • Like terms are represented by tiles that are the same shape and size.


Demonstrate how to use the tiles to show each monomial or polynomial.
 Start with 3x to the second power (sorry I don't have any superscript).
 Then demonstrate x to the second power - 2d.
Your student should now be able to do 
2x to the second power + x - 2.

Now use algebra tiles to simplify 2x to the second power + x to the second power + 2x.

Now combine like terms. In its simplest form, 2x to the second power = x to the second power= 2x = 3x to the second power + 2x.

Now use algebra tiles to simplify 3x + 2 - 5x +1. Rearrange the tiles so that like terms are next to each other.
Form zero-pairs, and then remove all zero-pairs.
In its simplest form, 3x + 2 - 5x +1 = 2x + 3.


Math Journal Activities

Now your student should be able to model and simplify any monomial or polynomial that you give him. He can even make up his own problems to solve in his math journal. For some of them, have him sketch a drawing to show how he got his answer. He could also include in his journal a sentence or two to explain how subtracting polynomials is related to adding polynomials.


Hands-on Algebra: Solving Multi-Step Equations

Just as we used cups and counters to solve one-step equations, they can also be used to solve equations with a variable on each side.
For the demonstration problem, 2x + 2 = -4, place 2 cups and two positive counters on one side of the mat. Place 4 negative counters on the other side of the mat. Notice it is not possible to remove the same kind of counters from each side. 
Add 2 negative counters to each side.
Group the counters to form zero-pairs and remove all zero-pairs. Separate the remaining counters into 2 equal groups to correspond to the 2 cups.
Each cup is matched with 3 negative counters. Therefore, x = -3.

Next, demonstrate solving w - 3 = 2w -1 with a cup and counters. Place 1 cup and 3 negative counters on one side of the mat. Place 2 cups and 1 negative counter on the other side of the mat. 

Remove 1 negative counter from each side of the mat.

Just as you can remove the same kind of counter from each side of the mat, you can remove cups from each side of the mat. In this case, you can remove 1 cup from each side.

The cup on the right, or the unknown, is matched with 2 negative counters. Therefore, the answer to the equation is w= -2.